2024 UTME ENGLISH


ENGLISH COMPREHENSION


Title: Religion and Ethnic Tolerance


In today’s increasingly interconnected world the importance of religious and ethnic tolerance cannot be overstated. Many nations grapple with the challenges of maintaining harmony among diverse populations, each with its own unique cultural and religious practices. Nigeria, for instance, is home to over 250 ethnic groups and multiple religions, making it a microcosm of global diversity. Religious tolerance involves respecting and practices of others, even when they differ from one’s own. This doesn’t mean abandoning one’s own faith, but rather acknowledging the right of other to practice theirs freely. Similarly ethnic tolerance requires an appreciation for the cultural difference that exist among various groups recognizing that diversity can be a source of strength rather than division. Education plays a crucial role in fostering tolerance. By learning about different religions and cultures, people can dispel myths and stereotypes that often lead to prejudice, Schools and universities that promote exchange programs contribute significantly to building a more tolerant society. However, achieving true tolerance is not without its challenges. Historical conflicts, economic disparities, and political manipulation can all exacerbate tensions between different groups. Overcoming these obstacles requires concerted efforts from governments, religious leaders, civil society organizations, and individuals alike. Ultimate religious and ethnic tolerance is not just a lofty ideal but a practical necessity for peace and progress. In a world where global challenges require collective action, our ability to work together despite our differences is more important than ever. By embracing tolerance, we pave the way for a more harmonious and prosperous future for all. Adapted from Sulaimon Ibraheem’s Compedium of English Text


1. From the passage the concept of tolerance in a diverse society is primarily a matter of what?

A. Legal enforcement
B. Economic equality
C. Mutual understanding
D. Political unity

2. Based on the information in the passage, which of the following statements about Nigeria is most likely true?

A. It has the highest number of ethnic groups in the world
B. It faces unique challenges in maintaining social harmony
C. Its diversity is a hindrance to national development
D. It has achieved perfect religious and ethnic tolerance

3. The author’s stance on interfaith dialogue and cultural exchange programs implies that

A. These programs are sufficient to eliminate all forms of intolerance
B. Direct interaction with difference groups can lead to greater understanding
C. Such programs are only effective for religious tolerance, not ethnic tolerance
D. Inherent human tendency

4. From the passage, it can be inferred that the biggest obstacle to achieving tolerance is

A. Lack of educational resources
B. Absence of international intervention
C. Complex interplay factors
D. Inherent human tendency towards conflict

5. The author’s conclusion about tolerance being a “practical necessity” suggests that

A. Tolerance is merely a theoretical concept with real –world application
B. The interconnected nature of global issues requires collaborative problem solving
C. Nations that achieve perfect tolerance will dominate global affairs
D. Tolerance is important only for economic reasons

Title: Obesity - A Growing Global Concern


Obesity has emerged as one of the most pressing public health challenges of the 21st century. Defined as an excessive accumulation of body fat, obesity is typically measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), with a BMI of 30 or higher indicating obesity. This condition, once primarily associated with affluent nations, has now become a global________(6) ______affecting countries across all income levels. The causes of obesity are multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. While genetics can predispose individuals to weight gain, the rapid rise in obesity rates over the past few decades suggests that environmental and behavioral factors play a crucial role. The modern lifestyle, characterized by sedentary behaviors and easy access to high-calorie proceeded foods, has created an “___ (7) ___ environment that promotes weight gain. The health implications of obesity are severe and wide-ranging. Obese individuals at a significantly higher risk of developing various chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, certain types of cancer, and respiratory problems. Moreover, obesity can lead to reduced quality of life, increased healthcare children, obesity can result in early onset of adult health problems and ____(8) ____ issues such as low self- esteem and depression. Addressing the obesity epidemic require a comprehensive approach involving individual behavioral changes, community action, and policy interventions. On an individual level, maintaining a balanced diet and regular physical activity are crucial. Community initiatives might include improving access to healthy foods and creating environments that encourage physical activity. At the policy level, measures such as regulating food marketing, implementing cleat nutrition labeling, and designing urban spaces to promote active lifestyles can contribute to obesity ___ (9) ____. The economic impact of obesity is substantial. Healthcare costs associated with treating obesity- related diseases place a significant burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Additionally, obesity can lead to reduced productivity in the workplace and increased absenteeism, further impacting national economies. Despite the challenges, there is room for optimism. Increased awareness about the risks of obesity has led to various innovative interventions. Some countries have implemented sugar taxes on sweetened beverages, while others have focused on improving nutritional education in school. Technology is also playing a role, with mobile apps and wearable devices helping individuals monitor their diet and physical____(10)___. Hence, obesity represents a complex global health challenge that requires concerted efforts from individuals, communities, and governments. By understanding the multifaceted nature of this issue and implementing comprehensive strategies, we can work towards creating a healthier future for generations to come.


QUESTIONS


6. The word that best fits the gap marked (6) is

A. epidemic
B. problem
C. diseases
D. concern

7. The term that completes the gap marked (7) is

A. unhealthy
B. obesogenic
C. problematic
D. dangerous

8. The most appropriate word for the gap marked (8) is

A. physical
B. mental
C. psychosocial
D. behavioral

9. The word that best complete the gap marked (9) is

A. treatment
B. cure
C. management
D. prevention

10. The term that fits the gap marked (10) is:

A. health
B. activity
C. fitness
D. wellbeing

In each of the following sentences there is one underlined word and one gap. From the list of options lettered A-D, choose the one that is nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined word and that will, at the same time, best fill gap provided.


11. The villain’s actions, malevolence was evident in his actions, while the hero’s _________ shone through his deeds.

A. Wickedness
B. benevolence
C. indifference
D. hostility

12. While the coronation was an august occasion, the small office party was a rather _______ event.

A. grand
B. solemn
C. trivial
D. ceremonious

13. The team became complacent after their early success, but their rivals remained _________throughout the season.

A. content
B. vigilant
C. satisfied
D. indifferent

14. The investigator exposed the company’s bogus claims but found that their financial records were actually _________

A. fraudulent
B. deceptive
C. genuine
D. indifferent

15. The quick-tempered manager often assistant at was known for being _________ in stressful situations.

A. Irritable
B. patient
C. impulsive
D. volatile

16. Unlike the nocturnal owl, the eagle is a__________ bird of prey.

A. crepuscular
B. diurnal
C. night-active
D. sleepy

Instruction: In each of the following sentences, there is one underlined word and one gap. From the list of option lettered A-D, choose the one that is most nearly the same in meaning as the underlined word and fill the gap provided.


17. The controversial law was repealed last month, and similarly, the outdated regulation was ______this week.

A. enacted
B. revoked
C. enforced
D. sustained

18. Her impertinence shocked everyone at the meeting, and his _________ was equally surprising

A. politeness
B. deference
C. insolence
D. timidity

19. The elder’s sagacity was respected by all in the village, and they often sought his _________ on important matters.

A. foolishness
B. ignorance
C. widow
D. knowledge

20. The fortress was considered impregnable, and similarly, the new security system was thought to be _______

A. vulnerable
B. weak
C. accessible
D. invulnerable

21. Rain seldom falls in this desert region, and snowfall ________ occurs.

A. frequency
B. occasionally
C. rarely
D. regularly

22. The morning run was invigorating, and the subsequent shower was equally

A. exhausting
B. draining
C. refreshing
D. tiring

In each of question 23-37, choose the option that completes the gap (s)


23. Neither the principal nor the teacher’s ______ satisfied with the new curriculum.

A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have been

24. The committee _______ divided on the issue of funding for the new project.

A. are
B. is
C. were
D. have been

25. A variety of options _______ available to students who wish to study abroad.

A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were

26. Each of the candidate’s ______ required to submit their credentials before the interview.

A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have

27. The news of the team’s victory ________ spread quickly through the town.

A. have
B. are
C. has
d. were

28. By the time we arrive at the venue, the ceremony _______ already.

A. will have start
B. would have started
C. will start
D. had started

29. Which of the following words is spelled correctly?

A. Accommodate
B. Acomodate
C. Acommodate
D. Accomodate

30. The student’s _____ their assignments by the time the teacher collects them tomorrow.

A. will complete
B. will have completed
C. would complete
D. are completing

31. Choose the correct spelled word

A. Conscientious
B. Consciencious
C. Consientious
D. Concientious

32. We______ in the neighborhood for ten years before we deceided to move

A. had been living
B. have been living
C. are been living
d. will be living

33. The phrase "to bite off more than one can chew" means______

A. To eact too quickly
B. to take on more responsibility than one can handle
C. to speak without thinking
D. to finish a meal completely

34. The new employee is eager to learn the ropes,___________?

A. isn't
B. is he
C. doesn't
D. does he

35. “To have a chip on one’s shoulder” suggests that someone.

A. Is carrying a heavy load
B. Has an injury
C. Is resentful about something
D. Is very talented

36. You’d rather not attend the meeting, ______?

A. would you
B. wouldn’t you
C. did you
D. didn’t you

37. The expression “to let the cat out of the bag” means.

A. To release a pet
B. To reveal a secret
C. To solve a problem
D. To create confusion

In each of questions 38-40, choose the option that best interprets the given phrase or idiom.


38. To “put one’s house in order” means.

A. To clean one’s home thoroughly
B. To organize one’s personal affairs
C. To renovate one’s house
D. To host a house party

39. In the sentence “the restricted area was out of bounds for visitors,” what does “out of bounds’ mean?

A. very expensive
B. easily accessible
C. prohibited or not allowed
D. highly recommended

40. The phrase “ generous” to a fault” suggest that someone is

A. Rarely generous
B. Perfectly generous
C. Excessively generous
D. Reluctantly

In each of question 41-42, choose the word that has the same vowel sound as the underlined part of the given word.


41. Bluff

A. Rough
B. Through
C. Drought
D. Cough

42. Weight

A. Height
B. Great
C. Beat
D. Threat

43. Batch

A. Chemistry
B. Church
C. Chaos
D. Ache

44. Judge

A. Giant
B. Gear
C. Gather
D. Goal

In each of questions Identify the syllable that carries the primary stress in the given word.


45. Characterize

A. CHARacterize
B. charActerise
C. characTERise
D. characterize

46. continental

A. CONtinental
B. conTInental
C. contiNENtal
D. continenTAL

47. immunity

A. IMmunity
B. imMUnity
C. immuNIty
D. immuniTY

In the following sentences, the word in capital letters is the given emphatic stress. Choose the option that best explain the implication of the emphasized word.


48. The children walked to SCHOOL.

A. The children did not walk to the pack
B. The children walked; they didn’t run
C. Only the children walked to school
D. The children didn’t walk home

49. My sister BOUGHT the cake.

A. My sister did not bake the cake
B. My brother bought the cake
C. My sister borrowed the cake
D. My sister bought the cookies

50. John CANNOT only sing, he can also dance.

A. John can only dance.
B. John can only sing.
C. John can dance, but cannot sing
D. John can only sing.

These questions were based on Khadijah Abubakar Jalli’s The life changer


51. Which of the hostels was Salma allocated to in her 100 level days in the university

A. Queen Elizabeth hall
B. Queen Amina Hall
C. Alexander Hall
D. Ribadu Hall

52. The special food introduced that was introduced by Salma to her roommate is _______

A. Tuwo Shinkafa
B. Dambu Nama
C. Masa
D. Dan wake

53. Which course did Salma find difficult in her final days in the university

A. Political Philosophy
B. Ethics
C. Moral Philosophy
D. Logic

54. Dr Mohammed Kabir hold what position in the university

A. The head of department
B. The ethics and disciplinary committee, chairperson
C. The university laboratory technologist
D. The student union speaker

55. What brand of phone did Salma’s fiance use in the story?

A. Series
B. I phone 13pro max
C. Samsung note series
D. Samsung series

56. The person that was tagged prostitute during the car robbery scene is

A. Salma
B. Joyce
C. Natasha
D. Fatimah

57. “Even older people who had more sense than you escaped the evil social media by the skin of the teeth….” Who was being addressed in this excerpt?

A. Omar
B. Salma
C. Salim
D. Fatimah

58. The writer of the text “The Life changer” is the owner of _______

A. African cuisine
B. Allure Beauty
C. Lady’s paradise
D. She’s Boutique Afrique

59. Omar’s parents were citizens of __________

A. Lafiaji
B. Lafayette
C. Abayagani
D. Iperindo

60. “I didn’t say were not dressed differently. I said the students were not required to wear uniform…”Tthe speaker in this excerpt was referring to:

A. Omar
B. Labaran
C. Jamila
D. John